Wikipedista:Fagusius/Pískoviště

Toto je časová osa skotské historie, ukazující důležité právní a teritoriální změny a politické Datumi ve Skotsku a jeho předchozích státech. Pokud se chcete seznámit o těchto Datumí, jsou k dispozici v Historie Skotska. Dále je k dispozici seznam skotských vládců, seznam britských monarchů, seznam prvních skotských ministrů a seznam skotských roků.

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.}

1. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
84		Římané dobili Kaledonii v Bitvě u Mons Graupius.

2. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
143		Římané budují Antoninův val.
163		Římané táhnou k jihu na Trimontium a Hadrianovu zeď.

3. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
300		Výraz Piktové je poprvé zaznamenán k popsání federalizovaného kmene napadeného Constantiem Chlorusem.

4. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
397		Svatý Ninian založil křesťanskou misii ve Whithornu.

5. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
470		Kmen Votadini formuje království Gododdin na území severně od řeky Tweed.

6. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
547		Anglové získávají Northumbrianskou pevnost v Bamburgh a zakládají království Bernicia.
563		Svatý Kolumba zakládá opatství v Ioně a začíná svoji misii po severní Pictsku.
574		Áedán mac Gabráin begins reign over the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata.
580		Riderch I of Alt Clut rules region later known as the kingdom of Strathclyde.
584		Bruide son of Maelchon dies.

7. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
604		Æthelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira to form the kingdom of Northumbria.
638		Northumbrians capture Edinburgh from Gododdin.
680		Trumwine Bishop of Abercorn.
681		Bruide mac Bili, King of Fortriu, campaigns against Orkney
685		Pictish King Bruide mac Bili defeats Ecgfrith of Northumbria at the Battle of Dun Nechtain, halting the northern expansion of Northumbria.
693		Bruide mac Bili dies
697		Bruide mac Der-Ilei among the signatories of the Cáin Adomnáin.

8. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
717		Nechtan mac Der-Ilei expels Ionan clergy from Pictland and adopts Roman usages with the aid of Bishop Curetán; masons sent by Abbot Ceolfrid of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Priory help build stone churches at Restenneth, Rosemarkie and elsewhere in eastern Scotland.
724		Drust and Nechtan mac Der-Ilei fight civil war (to 729)
732		Death of Nechtan mac Der-Ilei; Óengus mac Fergusa becomes King of the Picts.
735		Óengus mac Fergusa, King of the Picts, campaigns against Dál Riata, and seizes and burns the royal centre of Dunadd
736		Battle of Cnoc Coirpi between Fortriu and Dál Riata
741		Battle of Druimm Cathmail between Fortriu and Dál Riata; the "smiting of Dál Riata", in which Dál Riata is subdued by Óengus mac Fergusa
747		St Andrews founded by this time, death of Abbot Túathalán.
750		Picts defeated by Britons at the Battle of Catohic
756		Óengus mac Fergusa allied with the English of Northumbria attacks the Britons; the English army is destroyed
761		Death of Óengus mac Fergusa.
763		Battle takes place in Fortriu between Ciniod and Áed Find; result unknown.
778		Death of Áed Find, King of Dál Riata
794		Annals of Ulster report the "wasting" of "all the islands of Britain by gentiles [Vikings]"

9. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
802		Iona burned by Vikings
806		The monasteries under Iona are attacked by Vikings, killing 68 monks
820		Death of Caustantín mac Fergusa.
829		Abbot Diarmait, abbot of Iona, goes to Alba with relics of St Columba
831		Diarmait of Iona goes to Ireland with relics of St Columba
839		Eóganan mac Óengusa and his brother Bran killed in battle with Vikings, end of dominance of Fortriu.
858		Death of Kenneth mac Alpin, King of the Picts; "union of Picts and Scots" traditionally Datumd from his reign.
870		Alt Clut—Dumbarton Rock— captured by the Norse-Gael or Viking leaders Amlaíb Conung and Ímar after six month's of siege
878		Kenneth mac Alpin's son Áed killed; Giric becomes king.
889		Death of Giric; Domnall mac Causantín, grandson of Kenneth, becomes king.
890		Exodus of the Strathclyde Britons to Gwynedd (in Wales).

10. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
900		Causantín mac Áeda succeeds Domnall mac Causantín.
940		Saint Catroe of Metz leaves Scotland.
943		Causantín mac Áeda abdicates to become a culdee at St Andrews.
952		Death of Causantín mac Áeda.
954		Indulf captures Edinburgh from Northumbria.

11. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1058		After defeating Mac Bethad and Lulach, Máel Coluim III is proclaimed king.

12. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1124		David I becomes king and introduces the feudal system of landholding to much of Scotland.
1156		Somerled defeats the Norse King of Mann and the Isles, establishing his own semi-independent rule as ri Innse Gall-King of the Hebrides.
1164		Somerled is defeated by Malcolm IV in the Battle of Renfrew.
1174		William I signs the Treaty of Falaise in which he swears allegiance to Henry II of England.

13. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1234		Galloway's independent existence ends with the death of Alan, Lord of Galloway.
1237		Southern border of Scotland established in the Treaty of York.
1263		Scots defeat Norwegians at Largs.
1266		Norway cedes the Western Isles to Scotland in the Treaty of Perth.
1292		Edward I of England intervenes in Scottish affairs and grants the Scottish throne to John Balliol.
1297		Andrew de Moravia and William Wallace lead the Scots to victory over England at Stirling Bridge.

14. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1314		Robert the Bruce defeats the English at Bannockburn.
1320		Nobles assert Scottish independence in the Declaration of Arbroath.
1328		Treaty of Northampton. England recognises Scottish independence.
1371		Robert II becomes first Stewart king.

15. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1402		English defeat Scots in the Battle of Nesbit Moor and the Battle of Humbleton Hill.
1413		Foundation of the University of St Andrews.
1451		Establishment of the University of Glasgow.
1468		Denmark cedes Orkney and Shetland to Scotland.
1493		Lordship of the Isles abolished. In 1540 the title was reserved to the crown.
1495		Creation of the University of Aberdeen (King's College).
1496		Education Act of 1496 makes education compulsory for barons and wealthy landowners.

16. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1513		James IV and thousands of Scots are killed at Flodden.
1532		Creation of the College of Justice and the Court of Session.
1542		Death of James V
1559		John Knox returns to Scotland from Geneva to promote Calvinism.
1560		Parliament legislates Protestant Reformation of the Church of Scotland.
1561		Mary, Queen of Scots returns from France.
1568		Mary, Queen of Scots flees to England following the defeat of her army at the Battle of Langside..
1578		James VI takes over government from his regent, James Douglas.
1582		Establishment of the University of Edinburgh by Royal Charter.
1587		Mary is beheaded by the order of Queen Elizabeth I of England.
1589		James VI marries Anne of Denmark in Oslo.
1592		Presbyterianism becomes the established form of church government in Scotland by Act of Parliament.

17. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1603		The Union of the Crowns: James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England.
1614		John Napier invents logarithms and publishes a book promoting their use in mathematics.
1618		James VI forces episcopacy on the Church of Scotland through the Five Articles of Perth.
1633		Education Act of 1633 ordains a school in every parish (partially successful).
1638		Scottish Covenanters rebel against Charles I.
1639		First Bishops' War
1640		Second Bishops' War
1642		First English Civil War (While it is known as an English Civil war it was in fact very much a British war) (to 1646)
1643		The Solemn League and Covenant promises Scots army to aid English parliamentarians against the king.
1648		Second English Civil War (to 1649)
1649		Third English Civil War (to 1651)
1650		Southern Scotland occupied by the English Republic's New Model Army following a Scottish defeat at the Battle of Dunbar 1650 during the Third English Civil War
1651		Scotland incorporated into the English Commonwealth and Protectorate. (to 1660)
1660		The monarchy is restored and Scotland resumes its status as a separate kingdom.
1679		Duke of Monmouth defeats Covenanters at the Battle of Bothwell Brig.
1689		Jacobite highlanders defeats army of William III at Killiecrankie, but are halted at Dunkeld.
		The Claim of Right and the re-establishment of Presbyterianism.
1692		Massacre of Glencoe.
1695		The Bank of Scotland is created by Act of Parliament.
1696		Education Act of 1696 ordains a school in every parish (successful; act governs education until the 1872 act).

18. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1707		The Union of the Parliaments: the Acts of Union are passed by both the Scottish and English parliaments.
1715		First Jacobite rising.
1745		Second Jacobite rising.
1746		The Battle of Culloden ends the second Jacobite rising.
1748		David Hume publishes An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
1754		Joseph Black discovers "fixed air" (carbon dioxide).
1762		Land tenure reform leads to the Highland Clearances and massive emigration for several decades.
1769		James Watt patents idea for separate condensing chamber in the Steam engine.
1776		Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations.

19. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1802		John Playfair publishes summary of James Hutton's theories of Geology.
1805		The Glasgow Herald newspaper first published.
1817		The Scotsman newspaper first published.
1820		The "Radical War".
1822		Visit of King George IV to Scotland organized by Sir Walter Scott.
1832		The Reform Act enlarges the franchise.
1843		The Disruption in the Church of Scotland (over the issue of patronage).
1846		Beginning of the ten-Rok Highland Potato Famine.
1847		The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland is established.
1864		James Clerk Maxwell presents equations describing electromagnetic fields.
1874		Patronage abolished in the Church of Scotland.
1878		Collapse of the City of Glasgow Bank
1879		William Ewart Gladstone conducts the Midlothian campaign as part of a political comeback.
		The Tay Bridge Disaster.
1885		Creation of the Scottish Office and the post of Secretary for Scotland, later Secretary of State for Scotland.
1890		Opening of the Forth Railway Bridge.
1896		Opening of the Glasgow Subway.

20. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
1929		The Church of Scotland and the United Free Church of Scotland unite.
1934		Založena Skotská národní strana.
1938		The Empire Exhibition, Scotland 1938 is held at Bellahouston Park, Glasgow.
1941		The Clydebank Blitz (13–15 March).
1943		Creation of the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board to bring electricity to all parts of the Highlands and Islands.
1945		Je zvolen první poslanec za Skotskou národní stranu.
1947		Probíhá znárodnění železniční dopravy – vzniká Scottish Region of British Railways .
		The first Edinburgh International Festival is held.
1950		Z Westminsterkého opatství je odvezen Kámen osudu.
1957		Začíná vysílat Skotská Televize.
1968		The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland permits the ordination of women as ministers.
1975		Místní vláda provádí reorganisaci (z administrativních důvodů mění Counties a Burghs na Regions and Districts).
1978		Začíná vysílání BBC Radio Scotland.
1979		Referendum to create a Scottish Assembly fails to meet the required majority.
1988		Teroristé zničí letadlo Pan Am Let 103 nad Lockerbie. Zahyne 270 lidí, včetně 11 obyvatel města.
1994		Místní vláda provádí reorganisaci (přemění Regions a Districts na jednoúrovňové rady).
1996		Kámen osudu se nastálo vrací do Skotska, kde bude umístěn v Edinburgh Castle.
1997		Nově zvolená Labouristická strana vlády Spojeného Království pod vedením ve Skotsku narozeného předsedy vlády Tonyho Blaira předkládá zákon o referendu o Skotském parlamentu, který prochází velkou většinou.
1999		Skotský parlament zasedá poprvé po 272 letech. Donald Dewar ze Scottish Labour Party je zvolen jako ministerský předseda a formuje Scottish Executive v koalici se Skotskými liberálními demokraty.

21. století

Rok	Datum	Událost
2004		Otevření nové budovy Skotského parlamentu.
2007		Skotská národní strana se stává největší stranou ve Skotském Parlamentu a formuje menšinovou vládu.
2011		Skotská národní strana pod vedením Alexe Salmonda získává většinu ve n overall majority of the Skotském Parlamentu.
2014		Ve Skotsku bude probíhat referendum o národní nezávislosti.

[[Category:National timelines|Scottish]] [[Category:History of Scotland| ]] [[en:Timeline of Scottish history]] [[fr:Chronologie de l'Écosse]] [[pl:Kalendarium historii Szkocji]]